2004年1月大学六级考试试题及参考答案
sectiona
directions:inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.
example: youwillhear:
youwillread:
a)2hours.
b)3hours.
c)4hours.
d)5hours.
fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoaretalkingaboutsomeworktheywillstartat9o'clockinthemorningandhavetofinishby2intheafternoon.therefore,d)"5hours"isthecorrectanswer.youshouldchoose[djontheanswersheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.
sampleanswer[a][b][c][
1 a)sheknowswheremarthahasgone.
b)marthawillgototheconcertbyherself.
c)itisquitepossibleforthemantofindmartha.
d)themanisgoingtomeetmarthaattheconcert.
a)theairpollutioniscausedbythedevelopmentofindustry.
b)thecitywaspoorbecausetherewasn'tmuchindustrythen.
c)thewoman'sexaggeratingtheseriousnessofthepollution.
d)hemightmovetoanothercityverysoon.
a)themanshouldworkhardertoimprovehisgrades.
b)themanwillbenefitfromtheefforthe'sputin.
c)itservesthemanrighttogetapoorgrade.
d)itwasunfairoftheteachertogivethemanac.
a)shecanmakeareservationattherestaurant.
b)themanshoulddecidewheretoeat.
c)shealreadyhasplansforsaturdaynight.
d)themanshouldaskhisbrotherforsuggestions.
a)themandeservedtheaward.
b)thewomanhelpedthemansucceed.
c)themanisthankfultothewomanforherassistance.
d)thewomanworkedhardandwasgivenanaward.
a)voluntaryworkcanhelpthemanestablishconnectionswiththecommunity.
b)theman'svoluntaryworkhaslefthimlittleroominhisschedule.
c)voluntaryworkwiththeenvironmentcouncilrequiresatimecommitment.
d)alotofpeoplehavesignedupforvoluntaryworkwiththeenvironmentcouncil.
a)thepatientmustreceivetreatmentregularly.
b)thepatientcan'tleavethehospitaluntilthebleedingstops.
c)thepatient'shusbandcanattendtothebusinessinherplace.
d)thepatientmusttakeagoodrestandforgetaboutherbusiness.
a)alicedoesnotknowmuchaboutelectronics.
b)aliceisunlikelytofindajobanywhere.
c)aliceisnotinterestedinanythingbutelectronics.
d)aliceislikelytofindajobinanelectronicscompany.
a)jimmyisgoingtosetouttonight.
b)jimmyhasnotdecidedonhisjourney.
c)thereisnoneedtohaveafarewelldinner.
d)theymayhaveadinnerwhenjimmy'sback.
a)thewomanhadbeenplanningfortheconference.
b)thewomancalledthemanbutthelinewasbusy.
c)thewomandidn'tcomebackuntilmidnight.
d)thewomanhadguestsallevening.
directions:inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices,markeda),b),c)andd).thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.
questions11to13arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
11.
a)theyaredelightedbecausetheycanenjoythescenerywhiledriving.
b)theyarefrightenedbecausetrafficaccidentsarefrequent.
c)theyareirritatedbecausethebridgeisjammedwithcars.
d)theyarepleasedbecauseitsavesthemmuchtime.
a)theydon'thavetheirowncarstodrivetowork.
b)manyofthemareromanticbytemperament.
c)mostofthemenjoythedrinksontheboat.
d)theytendtobemorefriendlytoeachother.
a)manywelcometheideaof\having\morebarsonboard.
b)manyprefertheferrytomaintainitspresentspeed.
c)somesuggestimprovingthedesignofthedeck.
d)someobjecttousinglargerluxuryboats.
questions14to16arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
14.
a)cocacola
b)sausage
c)milk
d)friedchicken
a)hehashadthirteendecayedteeth
b)hedoesn'thaveasingledecayedtooth
c)hehasfewerdecayedteeththanotherpeopleofhisage
d)heneverhadasingletoothpulledoutbeforehewasfifty.
a)brushyourteethrightbeforeyougotobedintheevening
b)haveasfewofyourteethpulledoutaspossible
c)haveyourteethx-rayedatregularintervals
d)cleanyourteethshortlyaftereating.
questions17to20arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
a)avisittoaprison.
b)theinfluenceofhisfather.
c)atalkwithsomemiserableslaves.
d)hisexperienceinthewarbetweenfranceandaustria.
a)hesentsurgeonstoserveinthearmy.
b)heprovidedsoldierswithmedicalsupplies.
c)herecruitedvolunteerstocareforthewounded.
d)hehelpedtofleetheprisonersofwar.
a)allmenarecreatedequal.
b)thewoundedanddyingshouldbetreatedforfree.
c)awoundedsoldiershouldsurrenderbeforehereceivesanymedicaltreatment.
d)asufferingpersonisentitledtohelpregardasofrace,religionorpoliticalbeliefs.
a)tohonorswissheroeswhodiedinthewar.
b)toshowswitzerlandwasneutral.
c)topaytributetoswitzerland.
d)toshowgratitudetotheswissgovernmentforitsfinancialsupport.
directions:thereare4passagesinthispart.eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd).youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.
questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
foryears,doctorsadvisedtheirpatientsthattheonlythingtakingmultivitaminsdoesisgivethemexpensiveurine().afterall,truevitamindeficienciesarepracticallyunheardofinindustrializedcountries.nowitseemsthosedoctorsmayhavebeenwrong.theresultsofagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatevenamodestvitaminshortfallcanbeharmfultoyourhealth.althoughproofofthebenefitsofmultivitaminsisstillfarfromcertain,thefewdollarsyouspendonthemisprobablyagoodinvestment.
oratleastthat'stheargumentputforwardinthenewenglandjournalofmedicine.ideally,saydr.walterwillettanddr.meirstampferofharvard,allvitaminsupplementswouldbeevaluatedinscientificallyrigorousclinicaltrials.butthosestudiescantakealongtimeandoftenraisemorequestionsthantheyanswer.atsomepoint,whileresearchersworkonfiguringoutwherethetruthlies,itjustmakessensetosaythepotentialbenefitoutweighsthecost.
thebestevidencetodateconcernsfolate,oneofthebvitamins.it'sbeenprovedtolimitthenumberofdefectsinembryos(),andarecenttrialfoundthatfolateincombinationwithvitaminb12andaformofb6alsodecreasesthere-blockageofarteriesaftersurgicalrepair.
thenewsonvitaminehasbeenmoremixed.healthyfolkswhotake400internationalunitsdailyforatleasttwoyearsappearsomewhatlesslikelytodevelopheartdisease.butwhendoctorsgivevitaminetopatientswhoalreadyhaveheartdisease,thevitamindoesn'tseemtohelp.itmayturnoutthatvitamineplaysaroleinpreventionbutcannotundoseriousdamage.
despitevitaminc'sgreatpopularity,consuminglargeamountsofitstillhasnotbeenpositivelylinkedtoanygreatbenefit.thebodyquicklybecomessaturatedwithcandsimplyexcretes()anyexcess.
themultivitaminsquestionboilsdowntothis:doyouneedtowaituntilalltheevidenceisinbeforeyoutakethem,orareyouwillingtoacceptthatthere'senoughevidencethattheydon'thurtandcouldhelp?
ifthelatter,there'snoneedtogotoextremesandbuythebiggest'horsepillsorthemostexpensivebottles.largedosescancausetrouble,includingexcessivebleedingandnervoussystemproblems.
multivitaminsarenosubstituteforexerciseandabalanceddiet,ofcourse.aslongasyouunderstandthatanypotentialbenefitismodestandsubjecttofurtherrefinement,takingadailymultivitaminmakesalotofsense.
a)couldnoteasilybeabsorbedbythehumanbody
b)werepotentiallyharmfultopeople'shealth
c)weretooexpensivefordailyconsumption
d)couldnotprovideanycureforvitamindeficiencies
a)oftenresultinmisleadingconclusions
b)taketimeandwillnotproduceconclusiveresults
c)shouldbeconductedbyscientistsonalargerscale
d)appeartobeasheerwasteoftimeandresources
a)shouldbetakenbypatientsregularlyandpersistently
b)caneffectivelyreducetherecurrenceofheartdisease
c)hasapreventivebutnotcurativeeffectonheartdisease
d)shouldbegiventopatientswithheartdiseaseasearlyaspossible
a)maybringaboutserioussideeffects
b)mayhelppreventexcessivebleeding
c)arelikelytoinducetheblockageofarteries
d)areadvisableforthosewithvitamindeficiencies
a)thebenefitofdailymultivitaminintakeoutweighsthatofexerciseandabalanceddiet
b)it'sriskytotakemultivitaminswithoutknowingtheirspecificfunction
c)thepotentialbenefitofmultivitaminscanneverbeoverestimated
d)it'sreasonabletotakearationaldoseofmultivitaminsdaily
questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
somefuturologistshaveassumedthatthevastupsurge()ofwomenintheworkforcemayportendarejectionofmarriage.manywomen,accordingtothishypothesis,wouldratherworkthanmarry.theconverse()ofthisconcernisthattheprospectsofbecomingamulti-paycheckhouseholdcouldencouragemarriages.inthepast,onlytheearningsandfinancialprospectsofthemancountedinthemarriagedecision.now,however,theearningabilityofawomancanmakehermoreattractiveasamarriagepartner.datashowthateconomicdownturnstendtopostponemarriagebecausethepartiescannotaffordtoestablishafamilyorareconcernedaboutrainydaysahead.astheeconomyrebounds,thenumberofmarriagesalsorises.
coincidentwiththeincreaseinwomenworkingoutsidethehomeistheincreaseindivorcerates.yet,itmaybewrongtojumptoanysimplecause-and-effectconclusions.theimpactofawife'sworkondivorceisnolesscloudythanitsimpactonmarriagedecisions.therealizationthatshecanbeagoodprovidermayincreasethechancesthataworkingwifewillchoosedivorceoveranunsatisfactorymarriage.butthereverseisequallyplausible.tensionsgroundedinfinancialproblemsoftenplayakeyroleinendingamarriage.givenhighunemployment,inflationaryproblems,andslowgrowthinrealearnings,aworkingwifecanincreasehouseholdincomeandrelievesomeofthesepressingfinancialburdens.byraisingafamily'sstandardofliving,aworkingwifemaystrengthenherfamily'sfinancialandemotionalstability.
psychologicalfactorsalsoshouldbeconsidered.forexample,awifeblockedfromacareeroutsidethehomemayfeelcagedinthehouse.shemayviewheronlychoiceasseekingadivorce.ontheotherhand,ifshecanfindfulfillmentthroughworkoutsidethehome,workandmarriagecangotogethertocreateastrongerandmorestableunion.
also,amajorpartofwomen'sinequalityinmarriagehasbeenduetothefactthat,inmostcases,menhaveremainedthemainbreadwinners.withhigherearningcapacityandstatusoccupationsoutsideofthehomecomesthecapacitytoexercisepowerwithinfilefamily.aworkingwifemayrobahusbandofbeingthemasterofthehouse.dependinguponhowthecouplereactstothesenewconditions,itcouldcreateastrongerequalpartnershiporitcouldcreatenewinsecurities.
a)defy
b)signal
c)sufferfrom
d)resultfrom
a)menwouldchooseworkingwomenastheirmarriagepartners
b)morewomenwouldgetmarriedtoseekfinancialsecurity
c)evenworkingwomenwouldworryabouttheirmarriages
d)morepeoplewouldprefertoremainsingleforthetimebeing
a)theyaremorelikelytodominatetheirmarriagepartners
b)theirhusbandsareexpectedtodomorehousework
c)theirmarriagetiescanbestrengthened
d)theytendtoputtheircareerbeforemarriage
a)theyfeelthattheyhavebeenrobbedoftheirfreedom
b)theyareafraidofbeingbossedaroundbytheirhusbands
c)theyfeelthattheirpartnersfailtoliveuptotheirexpectations
d)theytendtosuspecttheirhusbands'loyaltytotheirmarriage
a)thestabilityofmarriageandthedivorceratemayreflecttheeconomicsituationofthecountry.
b)evenwheneconomicallyindependent,mostwomenhavetostruggleforrealequalityinmarriage.
c)inordertosecuretheirmarriagewomenshouldworkoutsidethehomeandremainindependent
d)theimpactofthegrowingfemaleworkforceonmarriagevariesfromcasetocase.
questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage,
formostthinkerssincethegreekphilosophers,itwasself-evidentthatthereissomethingcalledhumannature,somethingthatconstitutestheessenceofman.therewerevariousviewsaboutwhatconstitutesit,buttherewasagreementthatsuchanessenceexists--thatistosay,thatthereissomethingbyvirtueofwhichmanisman.thusmanwasdefinedasarationalbeing,asasocialanimal,ananimalthatcanmaketools,orasymbol-makinganimal.
morerecently,thistraditionalviewhasbeguntobequestioned.onereasonforthischangewastheincreasingemphasisgiventothehistoricalapproachtoman.anexaminationofthehistoryofhumanitysuggestedthatmaninourepochissodifferentfrommaninprevioustimesthatitseemedunrealistictoassumethatmenineveryagehavehadincommonsomethingthatcanbecalled"humannature."thehistoricalapproachwasreinforced,particularlyintheunitedstates,bystudiesinthefieldofculturalanthropology().thestudyofprimitivepeopleshasdiscoveredsuchadiversityofcustoms,values,feelings,andthoughtsthatmanyanthropologistsarrivedattheconceptthatmanisbornasablanksheetofpaperonwhicheachculturewritesitstext.anotherfactorcontributingtothetendencytodenytheassumptionofafixedhumannaturewasthattheconcepthassooftenbeenabusedasashieldbehindwhichthemostinhumanactsarecommitted.inthenameofhumannature,forexample,aristotleandmostthinkersuptotheeighteenthcenturydefendedslavery.orinordertoprovetherationalityandnecessityofthecapitalistformofsociety,scholarshavetriedtomakeacaseforacquisitiveness,competitiveness,andselfishnessasinnate()humantraits.popularly,onereferscynicallyto"humannature"inacceptingtheinevitabilityofsuchundesirablehumanbehaviorasgreed,murder,cheatingandlying.
anotherreasonforskepticismabouttheconceptofhumannatureprobablyliesintheinfluenceofevolutionarythinking.oncemancametobeseenasdevelopingintheprocessofevolution,theideaofasubstancewhichiscontainedinhisessenceseemeduntenable.yetibelieveitispreciselyfromanevolutionarystandpointthatwecanexpectnewinsightintotheproblemofthenatureofman.
a)theemergenceoftheevolutionarytheory
b)thehistoricalapproachtoman
c)newinsightintohumanbehavior
d)thephilosophicalanalysisofslavery
a)havesometraitsincommon
b)arebornwithdiversecultures
c)arebornwithoutafixednature
d)changetheircharactersastheygrowup
a)emphasizethathecontributedalottodefiningtheconceptof"humannature"
b)showthattheconceptof"humannature"wasusedtojustifysocialevils
c)provethathehadaprofoundinfluenceontheconceptof"humannature"
d)supporttheideathatsomehumantraitsareacquired
a)invaluable
b)imaginable
c)changeable
d)indefensible
a)isthequalitydistinguishingmanfromotheranimals
b)consistsofcompetitivenessandselfishness
c)issomethingpartlyinnateandpartlyacquired
d)consistsofrationalityandundesirablebehavior
questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
richardsatava,programmanagerforadvancedmedicaltechnologies,hasbeenadrivingforceinbringingvirtualrealitytomedicine,wherecomputerscreatea"virtual"orsimulatedenvironmentforsurgeonsandothermedicalpractitioners().
"withvirtualrealitywe'llbeabletoputasurgeonineverytrench,"saidsatava.heenvisagedatimewhensoldierswhoarewoundedfightingoverseasareputinmobilesurgicalunitsequippedwithcomputers.
thecomputerswouldtransmitimagesofthesoldierstosurgeonsbackintheu.s.thesurgeonswouldlookatthesoldierthroughvirtualrealityhelmets()thatcontainasmallscreendisplayingtheimageofthewound.thedoctorswouldguideroboticinstrumentsinthebattlefieldmobilesurgicalunitthatoperateonthesoldier.
althoughsatava'svisionmaybeyearsawayfromstandardoperatingprocedure,scientistsareprogressingtowardvirtualrealitysurgery.engineersataninternationalorganizationincaliforniaaredevelopingatele-operatingdevice.assurgeonswatchathree-dimensionalimageofthesurgery,theymoveinstrumentsthatareconnectedtoacomputer,whichpassestheirmovementstoroboticinstrumentsthatperformthesurgery.thecomputerprovides,feedbacktothesurgeononforce,textures,andsound.
thesetechnologicalwondersmaynotyetbepartofthecommunityhospitalsettingbutincreasinglysomeofthemachineryisfindingitswayintocivilianmedicine.atwaynestateuniversitymedicalschool,surgeonluciazamoranotakesimagesofthebrainfromcomputerizedscansandusesacomputerprogramtoproducea3-dimage.shecanthenmaneuverthe3-dimageonthecomputerscreentomaptheshortest,leastinvasivesurgicalpathtotherumor().zamoranoisalsousingtechnologythatattachesaprobetosurgicalinstrumentssothatshecantracktheirpositions.whilecuttingawayatumordeepinthebrain,shewatchesthemovementofhersurgicaltoolsinacomputergraphicsimageofthepatient'sbraintakenbeforesurgery.
duringtheseprocedures--operationsthataredonethroughsmallcutsinthebodyinwhichaminiaturecameraandsurgicaltoolsaremaneuvered--surgeonsarewearing3-dglassesforabetterview.andtheyarecommandingrobotsurgeonstocutawaytissuemoreaccuratelythanhumansurgeonscan.
satavasays,"weareinthemidstofafundamentalchangeinthefieldofmedicine."
a)willenablesurgeonstobephysicallypresentoneverybattlefield
b)canraisethespiritsofsoldierswoundedonthebattlefield
c)willgreatlyimprovemedicalconditionsonthebattlefield
d)canshortenthetimeforoperationsonsoldierswoundedonthebattlefield
a)usingaremote-controltechniquetotreatwoundedsoldiersfightingoverseas
b)woundedsoldiersbeingsavedbydoctorswearingvirtualrealityhelmetsonthebattlefield
c)woundedsoldiersbeingoperatedonbyspeciallytrainedsurgeons
d)settingupmobilesurgicalunitsoverseas
a)itisperformedbyacomputer-designedhighprecisiondevice.
b)surgeonswearvirtualrealityhelmetstoreceivefeedbackprovidedbyacomputer.
c)surgeonsmoveroboticinstrumentsbymeansofacomputerlinkedtothem.
d)a3-dimagerecordsthemovementsofthesurgeonsduringtheoperation.
a)heislookingatthecutsonacomputerscreen
b)thecutscanbeexaminedfromdifferentangles
c)thecutshavebeenhighlymagnified
d)heiswearing3-dglasses
a)causelesspaintothewounded
b)allowthepatienttorecovermorequickly
c)willmakehumansurgeons'worklesstedious
d)aredonebyrobotsurgeonswithgreaterprecision
directions:thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.foreachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd).choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.
a)probable
b)sustainable
c)feasible
d)eligible
a)facets
b)formats
c)formulas
d)fashions
a)permeate
b)extract
c)formulas
d)concentrate
a)obedient
b)overwhelming
c)skeptical
d)subsidiary
a)effect
b)affect
c)conceive
d)endeavour
a)remedy
b)reproach
c)revive
d)revenge
a)exclusive
b)explicit
c)objective
d)obscure
a)baffled
b)mingled
c)provoked
d)diverted
a)ejected
b)escaped
c)erased
d)omitted
a)incidence
b)impetus
c)rupture
d)emergence
a)insearchof
b)inpursuitof
c)inviewof
d)inlightof
a)credit
b)assure
c)certify
d)access
a)impairing
b)imposing
c)invading
d)integrating
a)sparkled
b)twinkled
c)radiated
d)glittered
a)overtakes
b)nourishes
c)surpasses
d)enforces
a)transit
b)transactions
c)turnover
d)tempos
a)segregate
b)whirl
c)compromise
d)mediate
a)trenches
b)utilities
c)pavements
d)junctions
a)collision
b)collaboration
c)corrosion
d)confrontation
a)successive
b)consecutive
c)eternal
d)insistent
a)exquisite
b)extravagant
c)exotic
d)eccentric
a)haul
b)repel
c)dispose
d)snatch
a)enhance
b)curb
c)disrupt
d)heighten
a)paradoxes
b)paradises
c)galaxies
d)shuttles
a)portray
b)ascribe
c)impart
d)acknowledge
a)alerts
b)refreshes
c)pleads
d)diverts
a)monitor
b)manifest
c)articulate
d)anticipate
a)responses
b)signals
c)symptoms
d)reflections
a)accord
b)unify
c)obey
d)comply
a)alter
b)alternate
c)substitute
d)exchange
directions:thispartconsistsofashortpassage,hzthispassage,therearealtogetheriomis-takes,oneineachnumberedline.youmayhavetochangetiword.addawordordeleteaword.markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.lfyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(^)intherightplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank,lfyoudeleteaword,crossroutandputaslash(/)intileblank.
example:
televisionisrapidlybecomingtheliteratureofourperiod1.time/times/period
manyofthearguments\having\usedforthestudyofliteratureasa2.
schoolsubjectarevalidfor^studyoftelevision.3.the
thomasmalthuspublishedhis"essayontheprinciple
ofpopulation"almost200yearsago.eversincethen,
forecastershavebeingwarningthatworldwidefaminewass1_____
justaroundthenextcorner.thefast-growingpopulation's
demandforfood,theywarned,wouldsoonexceedtheirs2_____
supply,leadingtowidespreadfoodshortagesandstarvation.
butinreality,theworld'stotalgrainharvesthasrisen
steadilyovertheyears.exceptforrelativeisolatedtroubles3_____
spotslikepresent-daysomalia,andoccasionalyearsof
goodharvests,theworld'sfoodcrisishasremainedjusts4_____
aroundthecorner.mostexpertsbelievethiscancontinue
evenasifthepopulationdoublesbythemid-21stcentury,s5_____
althoughfeedingi0billionpeoplewillnotbeeasyfor
politics,economicandenvironmentalreasons.optimistss6_____
pointtoconcreteexamplesofcontinuedimprovements
inyield.inafrica,byinstance,improvedseed,mores7_____
fertilizerandadvancedgrowingpracticeshavemorethan
doublecornandwheatyieldsinanexperiment.elsewhere,s8_____
riceexpertsinthephilippinesareproducingaplantwithfews9_____
stemsandmoreseeds.thereisnoguaranteethatplant
breederscancontinuetodevelopnew,higher-yielding
crop,butmostresearchersseetheirsuccesstodateasreasons10_____
forhope.
reducewasteoncampus
2.
3.,从我做起
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21-25abcad
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31-35bcbda
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41-45cabad
46-50dbaca
51-55bcbac
56-60bddac
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s1.being>been
s2.their>its
s3.relative>relatively
s4.good>poor/bad/scanty
s5.as>/
s6.politics>political
s7.by>for
s8.double>doubled
s9.few>fewer
s10.reason>areason
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